Love Is the Key
Senin, 11 Juni 2012
Love Is the Key: Jiyaaaahhh,,
Love Is the Key: Jiyaaaahhh,,: Storyline Harvard Law student Oliver Barrett IV and music student Jennifer Cavilleri share a chemistry they cannot deny - and a love the...
Jiyaaaahhh,,
Storyline
Harvard Law student Oliver
Barrett IV and music student Jennifer Cavilleri share a chemistry they cannot
deny - and a love they cannot ignore. Despite their opposite backgrounds, the
young couple put their hearts on the line for each other. When they marry,
Oliver's wealthy father threatens to disown him. Jenny tries to reconcile the
Barrett men, but to no avail. Oliver and Jenny continue to build their life
together. Relying only on each other, they believe love can fix anything. But
fate has other plans. Soon, what began as a brutally honest friendship becomes
the love story of their lives. Written by Anonymous
Hahaha,, Ngegombal-gembel yuuuukkkk!
Kata Kata Gombal 2012 | Kata Gombal Lucu, Cinta, Romantis Terbaru - Kata kata gombal sering kali di pakai untuk merayu seseorang. Kebanyakan yang sering ngegombal adalah para cowok.
Namun, ada juga cewek yang suka ngegombal juga, perbedaan nya cewek lebih realistis dan halus dalam hal ngegombal.
Bagi Anda yang ingin merayu seseorang dengan kata kata gombal, Berikut beberapa Kumpulan Kata Kata Gombal dari berbagai sumber.
Kata Kata Gombal Cinta
- Saat aku nggak SMS ke kamu, bukan berarti aku melupakanmu, tapi aku hanya memberi waktu buat NGANGENIN AKU !!
- Aku tidak minta bintang atau bulan kepadamu. Cukup temani aku selamanya di bawah cahayanya
- Gimana kalo kita berdua jadi komplotan penjahat: Aku mencuri hatimu, dan kamu mencuri hatiku ?
Aku pengen bersamamu cuma pada dua waktu : SEKARANG dan SELAMANYA.
- Jika aku bisa jadi bagian dari dirimu, aku mau jadi air matamu, yang tersimpan di hatimu, lahir dari matamu, hidup di pipimu, dan mati di bibirmu.
- Aku selalu berusaha tak menangis karenamu, karena setiap butir yang jatuh, hanya makin mengingatkan, betapa aku tak bisa melepaskanmu.
- Andai sebuah bintang akan jatuh setiap kali aku mengingatmu, bulan pasti protes. Soalnya dia bakal sendirian di angkasa.
- Kenapa aku tetap menginginkanmu walau kamu tak pernah punya rasa yang sama. Masalahnya, begitu sulit membuatmu mencintaiku, lebih sulit lagi memaksa hatiku berhenti memikirkanmu.
- Dingin malam ini menusuk tulang. Kesendirian adalah kesepian. Maukah kau jadi selimut penghangat diriku ?
- Aku ingin mengaku dosa. Jangan pernah marah ya. Maafkan sebelumnya. Tadi malam aku mimpiin kamu jadi pacarku. Setelah bangun, akankah mimpiku jadi nyata?
Kata Kata Gombal Lucu
- Dulu aku heran, napa orang sampe berantem ? hanya karena cinta. Trus aku inget muka kamu, dan tiba-tiba, aku merasa siap menghadapi Perang Dunia Ketiga.
- Kalau kamu nanya berapa kali kamu datang ke pikiranku, jujur aja, cuma sekali. abisnya, ga pergi2 sih!
- Orangtuamu pengrajin bantal yah? Karena terasa nyaman jika di dekatmu.
- Sekarang aku gendutan gak sih ? kamu tau gak kenapa ? soalnya km udah mengembangkan cinta yang banyak dihatiku
- Tau ga knapa malem ini ga ada bintang ?? soalnya bintangnya pindah semua ke matamu?
- Jangan GR deh. Aku kangen kamu sedikit aja kok. Sedikit berlebihan maksudnya.
Cowok: Maaf mbak, jangan terlalu lama duduk dikursi itu, pindah deket saya saja?
Cewek: Loh? Emangnya kenapa??
Cowok: Biar gak dikerubung semut.. soalnya mbak manis sich?
Cowok : Aku didiagnosa Sakit jantung.
Cewek : Hah! Kok bisa?
Cowok : Iya. Jantungku selalu berdegup kencang bila dekat denganmu.
Cowok : Kemarin aku ke dokter mata. Kamu tau apa kata dokter?
Cewek : Apa? Parah?
Cowok : Kata dokter ada kamu di mataku.
Cowok : Kamu punya kunci apa aja sih?
Cewek : Kunci rumah, kunci mobil, kunci lemari. Emang ada apa?
Cowok : Punya nggak kunci untuk membuka hatimu kepadaku?
Cowok : Kamu punya peta nggak?
Cewek : Peta apa?
Cowok : Peta hatimu. Karena aku tersesat dan tak bisa keluar dari hatimu.
- Bapak kamu pasti seorang astronot ??? Soalnya aku melihat banyak bintang di matamu.
- Kamu pasti kuliah di seni pahat ya ??? Soalnya kamu pintar sekali memahat namamu di hatiku.
- Kakekmu pasti penambang ya ??? Soalnya banyak berlian di matamu.
- Kamu Mantan pencuri ya ??? Abisnya kamu mencuri hatiku sih!
Cowok : Aku suka senyum-senyum sendiri lho.
Cewek : Hah .. Gila Ya
Cowok : Nggak. Aku sedang mikirin kamu.
- Setiap malam aku berjalan-jalan di suatu tempat. Kamu tau di mana itu ? Di hatimu.
- Kamu merasa gempa gak ??? ada kamu yang mengguncang hatiku sih.
-Kamu pake Indosat ya ??? Karena sinyal-sinyal cintamu sangat kuat sampai ke hatiku.
Kata Kata Gombal Romantis
- Tak mungkin aku berhenti mencintaimu. Aku hanya bisa belajar hidup tanpamu.
- Aku pengen bersamamu cuma pada dua waktu: SEKARANG dan SELAMANYA.
- Kau begitu kucinta, hingga ketika bersamamu mati seperti bisa kutunda, dan tanpamu, hidup serasa tiada guna.
- Aku nggak menangis karena kehilanganmu, tapi mengetahui kau tak pernah berusaha mencegahku pergi
- Aku tak pernah tau kebahagiaan sesungguhnya, sampai ketika aku mendapatkan cintamu. Dan aku tak pernah tau derita sebenarnya, sampai aku kini kehilangan itu. Terima kasih telah mengenalkanku pada kedua rasa yang tak akan kulupa.
- Aku selalu berusaha tak menangis karenamu, karena setiap butir yang jatuh, hanya makin mengingatkan, betapa aku tak bisa melepaskanmu.
Lihat Artikel Asli di http://www.bloginfonews.com/2011/09/kata-kata-gombal-lucu-cinta-romantis.html#ixzz1xVh3FUNU
Namun, ada juga cewek yang suka ngegombal juga, perbedaan nya cewek lebih realistis dan halus dalam hal ngegombal.
Bagi Anda yang ingin merayu seseorang dengan kata kata gombal, Berikut beberapa Kumpulan Kata Kata Gombal dari berbagai sumber.
Kata Kata Gombal Cinta
- Saat aku nggak SMS ke kamu, bukan berarti aku melupakanmu, tapi aku hanya memberi waktu buat NGANGENIN AKU !!
- Aku tidak minta bintang atau bulan kepadamu. Cukup temani aku selamanya di bawah cahayanya
- Gimana kalo kita berdua jadi komplotan penjahat: Aku mencuri hatimu, dan kamu mencuri hatiku ?
Aku pengen bersamamu cuma pada dua waktu : SEKARANG dan SELAMANYA.
- Jika aku bisa jadi bagian dari dirimu, aku mau jadi air matamu, yang tersimpan di hatimu, lahir dari matamu, hidup di pipimu, dan mati di bibirmu.
- Aku selalu berusaha tak menangis karenamu, karena setiap butir yang jatuh, hanya makin mengingatkan, betapa aku tak bisa melepaskanmu.
- Andai sebuah bintang akan jatuh setiap kali aku mengingatmu, bulan pasti protes. Soalnya dia bakal sendirian di angkasa.
- Kenapa aku tetap menginginkanmu walau kamu tak pernah punya rasa yang sama. Masalahnya, begitu sulit membuatmu mencintaiku, lebih sulit lagi memaksa hatiku berhenti memikirkanmu.
- Dingin malam ini menusuk tulang. Kesendirian adalah kesepian. Maukah kau jadi selimut penghangat diriku ?
- Aku ingin mengaku dosa. Jangan pernah marah ya. Maafkan sebelumnya. Tadi malam aku mimpiin kamu jadi pacarku. Setelah bangun, akankah mimpiku jadi nyata?
Kata Kata Gombal Lucu
- Dulu aku heran, napa orang sampe berantem ? hanya karena cinta. Trus aku inget muka kamu, dan tiba-tiba, aku merasa siap menghadapi Perang Dunia Ketiga.
- Kalau kamu nanya berapa kali kamu datang ke pikiranku, jujur aja, cuma sekali. abisnya, ga pergi2 sih!
- Orangtuamu pengrajin bantal yah? Karena terasa nyaman jika di dekatmu.
- Sekarang aku gendutan gak sih ? kamu tau gak kenapa ? soalnya km udah mengembangkan cinta yang banyak dihatiku
- Tau ga knapa malem ini ga ada bintang ?? soalnya bintangnya pindah semua ke matamu?
- Jangan GR deh. Aku kangen kamu sedikit aja kok. Sedikit berlebihan maksudnya.
Cowok: Maaf mbak, jangan terlalu lama duduk dikursi itu, pindah deket saya saja?
Cewek: Loh? Emangnya kenapa??
Cowok: Biar gak dikerubung semut.. soalnya mbak manis sich?
Cowok : Aku didiagnosa Sakit jantung.
Cewek : Hah! Kok bisa?
Cowok : Iya. Jantungku selalu berdegup kencang bila dekat denganmu.
Cowok : Kemarin aku ke dokter mata. Kamu tau apa kata dokter?
Cewek : Apa? Parah?
Cowok : Kata dokter ada kamu di mataku.
Cowok : Kamu punya kunci apa aja sih?
Cewek : Kunci rumah, kunci mobil, kunci lemari. Emang ada apa?
Cowok : Punya nggak kunci untuk membuka hatimu kepadaku?
Cowok : Kamu punya peta nggak?
Cewek : Peta apa?
Cowok : Peta hatimu. Karena aku tersesat dan tak bisa keluar dari hatimu.
- Bapak kamu pasti seorang astronot ??? Soalnya aku melihat banyak bintang di matamu.
- Kamu pasti kuliah di seni pahat ya ??? Soalnya kamu pintar sekali memahat namamu di hatiku.
- Kakekmu pasti penambang ya ??? Soalnya banyak berlian di matamu.
- Kamu Mantan pencuri ya ??? Abisnya kamu mencuri hatiku sih!
Cowok : Aku suka senyum-senyum sendiri lho.
Cewek : Hah .. Gila Ya
Cowok : Nggak. Aku sedang mikirin kamu.
- Setiap malam aku berjalan-jalan di suatu tempat. Kamu tau di mana itu ? Di hatimu.
- Kamu merasa gempa gak ??? ada kamu yang mengguncang hatiku sih.
-Kamu pake Indosat ya ??? Karena sinyal-sinyal cintamu sangat kuat sampai ke hatiku.
Kata Kata Gombal Romantis
- Tak mungkin aku berhenti mencintaimu. Aku hanya bisa belajar hidup tanpamu.
- Aku pengen bersamamu cuma pada dua waktu: SEKARANG dan SELAMANYA.
- Kau begitu kucinta, hingga ketika bersamamu mati seperti bisa kutunda, dan tanpamu, hidup serasa tiada guna.
- Aku nggak menangis karena kehilanganmu, tapi mengetahui kau tak pernah berusaha mencegahku pergi
- Aku tak pernah tau kebahagiaan sesungguhnya, sampai ketika aku mendapatkan cintamu. Dan aku tak pernah tau derita sebenarnya, sampai aku kini kehilangan itu. Terima kasih telah mengenalkanku pada kedua rasa yang tak akan kulupa.
- Aku selalu berusaha tak menangis karenamu, karena setiap butir yang jatuh, hanya makin mengingatkan, betapa aku tak bisa melepaskanmu.
Lihat Artikel Asli di http://www.bloginfonews.com/2011/09/kata-kata-gombal-lucu-cinta-romantis.html#ixzz1xVh3FUNU
Minggu, 18 Maret 2012
Building language skills more critical for boys than girls, research suggests
Building language skills more critical for boys than girls, research suggests
Thus, more emphasis should be placed on encouraging boy toddlers to "use their words" -- instead of unruly behavior -- to solve problems, said Claire Vallotton, MSU assistant professor of child development.
"It shouldn't be chalked off as boys being boys," Vallotton said. "They need extra attention from child-care providers and teachers to help them build language skills and to use those skills to regulate their emotions and behavior."
The study, co-authored by Catherine Ayoub from Harvard Medical School, is the first to suggest language skills have a bigger impact on boys' self-regulation than on girls'. The findings will appear in an upcoming issue of the journal Early Childhood Research Quarterly.
The researchers examined data on children as they aged from 1 to 3 and their mothers who participated in the National Early Head Start Research and Evaluation study. As with previous research, Vallotton and Ayoub found that language skills -- specifically the building of vocabulary -- help children regulate their emotions and behavior and that boys lag behind girls in both language skills and self-regulation.
What was surprising, Vallotton said, was that language skills seemed so much more important to the regulation of boys' behavior. While girls overall seemed to have a more natural ability to control themselves and focus, boys with a strong vocabulary showed a dramatic increase in this ability to self-regulate -- even doing as well in this regard as girls with a strong vocabulary.
As the United States competes in an increasingly competitive global economy, Vallotton said education officials are focusing many of their efforts on these facets of early childhood education.
"There's been a concentrated effort lately, through policy and programs, to emphasize that kids build their social and emotional skills by the time they reach kindergarten so they can be ready to learn in that environment and throughout their school careers," Vallotton said. "Self-regulation is increasingly talked about as a pivotal skill."
Building Language Skills More Critical for Boys Than Girls, Research Suggests
ScienceDaily (Sep. 22, 2010) — Developing language skills appears to be more important for boys than girls in helping them to develop self-control and, ultimately, succeed in school, according to a study led by a Michigan State University researcher.
See Also:
"It shouldn't be chalked off as boys being boys," Vallotton said. "They need extra attention from child-care providers and teachers to help them build language skills and to use those skills to regulate their emotions and behavior."
The study, co-authored by Catherine Ayoub from Harvard Medical School, is the first to suggest language skills have a bigger impact on boys' self-regulation than on girls'. The findings will appear in an upcoming issue of the journal Early Childhood Research Quarterly.
The researchers examined data on children as they aged from 1 to 3 and their mothers who participated in the National Early Head Start Research and Evaluation study. As with previous research, Vallotton and Ayoub found that language skills -- specifically the building of vocabulary -- help children regulate their emotions and behavior and that boys lag behind girls in both language skills and self-regulation.
What was surprising, Vallotton said, was that language skills seemed so much more important to the regulation of boys' behavior. While girls overall seemed to have a more natural ability to control themselves and focus, boys with a strong vocabulary showed a dramatic increase in this ability to self-regulate -- even doing as well in this regard as girls with a strong vocabulary.
As the United States competes in an increasingly competitive global economy, Vallotton said education officials are focusing many of their efforts on these facets of early childhood education.
"There's been a concentrated effort lately, through policy and programs, to emphasize that kids build their social and emotional skills by the time they reach kindergarten so they can be ready to learn in that environment and throughout their school careers," Vallotton said. "Self-regulation is increasingly talked about as a pivotal skill."
Kamis, 08 Maret 2012
Love Is the Key: SAME SEX MARRIAGE and MARRIAGE IN ISLAM
Love Is the Key: SAME SEX MARRIAGE and MARRIAGE IN ISLAM: SAME SEX MARRIAGE and MARRIAGE IN ISLAM Marriage is a socially sanctioned union, typically of one man and one woman, in this connection ca...
SAME SEX MARRIAGE and MARRIAGE IN ISLAM
SAME SEX MARRIAGE and MARRIAGE IN ISLAM
Marriage is a socially sanctioned union, typically of one man and one woman, in this connection called husband and wife. Typically they form a family, socially, through forming a household, which is often subsequently extended biologically, through children. It is found in all societies, but in widely varying forms.
Also, it is clear that there is a collective obligation
(fardh kifaya) on the Ummah as a whole to promote, defend and facilitate the
institution of marriage. If marriage
suffers from neglect or, for example, unreasonably high dowries which force
people to postpone marriage too long, it is a collective obligation on the
Ummah to come to its aid and to ensure that as many people as possible live
within the context of a marriage. Also,
if a the Muslims come to have too many single women because of the abandonment
of polygamy, it become a collective obligation on the Muslims to address and
correct this situation. This is all
clearly based on the command of Allah in the verse previously cited which starts
out:
Marriage is a socially sanctioned union, typically of one man and one woman, in this connection called husband and wife. Typically they form a family, socially, through forming a household, which is often subsequently extended biologically, through children. It is found in all societies, but in widely varying forms.
History of same-sex marriage 1
Same-sex marriage has been documented in many societies that
were not subject to Christian influence. In North American, among the Native
American societies, it has taken the form of two-spirit type relationships, in which some members of
the tribe elect to take on female gender with all its responsibilities. They
are prized as wives by the other men in the tribe, who enter into formal
marriages with these two-spirit men.
In China, especially in the southern province of Fujian
where male love was especially cultivated, men would marry youths in elaborate
ceremonies. The marriages would last a number of years, at the end of which the
elder partner would help the younger find a (female) wife and settle down to
raise a family.
In Africa, among the Azande of the Congo, men would marry
youths for whom they had to pay a bride-price to the father. These marriages
likewise were understood to be of a temporary nature.
Finally, in Europe during Hellenic times, the relationships
between Greek men and youths who had come of age were analogous to marriage in
several aspects. The age of the youth was similar to the age at which women
married (the mid-teens), and the relationship could only be undertaken with the
consent of the father. This consent, just as in the case of a daughter's
marriage, was contingent on the suitor's social standing. The relationship,
just like a marriage, consisted of very specific social and religious responsibilities,
and also had an erotic component.
Same-sex marriage around the world
Same-sex marriages currently are legally performed only in
the Netherlands and Belgium. For the time being, the Canadian provinces of
Ontario and British Columbia have also legalized same-sex marriage. Recently,
the term "same-sex marriage" has been displacing "gay
marriage", the term being perceived as less value-laden for the union of
two partners of the same sex and also being more inclusive of bisexuals.
Legal recognition of same-sex marriage
In the late 20th and early
21st centuries, there has been a
growing movement in a number of countries to regard marriage as a right which
should be extended to gay and lesbian couples. Legal recognition of a marital
union opens up a wide range of entitlements, including social security,
taxation, inheritance and other benefits unavailable to couples unmarried in
the eyes of the law. Restricting legal recognition to heterosexual unions
excludes same-sex couples from gaining legal access to these benefits. (While
opposite-sex unmarried couples without other legal impediments have the option
of marrying in law and so gaining access to these rights, that option is
unavailable to same-sex couples.) Lack of legal recognition also makes it more
difficult for same-sex couples to adopt children.
Opponents of same-sex marriage
Some opponents object to same-sex marriage on religious
grounds, arguing that extending marriage to homosexual couples undercuts the
conventional meaning of marriage in various traditions, and does not fulfill
any procreational role. In countries with monogamous marriages only, some
opponents also claim that allowing same-sex marriage will re-open the door to
the legalization of polyamorous marriage, or other forms they find
objectionable. They also feel that same-sex couples should not be allowed to
have or adopt children, and that same-sex marriage would make those adoptions
easier; they hold that same-sex households are not an adequate environment for
children to be raised in. Others simply do not recognize any pressing need for
same-sex marriages.
Some libertarians object to same-sex civil marriages because
they are opposed to any form of state-sanctioned marriage, including
opposite-sex unions.
Many other people, while tolerant towards the sexual
behaviour of others, see no reason to alter their society or government's
traditional attitudes towards marriage and family.
Proponents of same-sex marriage
In response, proponents point out that traditional concepts
of marriage have already given way to liberalization in other areas, such as
the availability of no-fault divorce and the elimination of anti-miscegenation
laws. Some opponents counter that this
shouldn't have happened in the first place. They also suggest that many people
in modern societies no longer subscribe to the religious beliefs which inform
traditional limits upon marriage, and no longer wish these beliefs to
constitute the law. In fact, there are some religions that celebrate same-sex
weddings or commitment ceremonies already; in Canada, the United Church of
Canada, the country's largest Protestant denomination, has striven for the
legalization of same-sex marriage.
In the United States, proponents of equal marriage rights
for same-sex couples point out that there are over 1,049 federal rights and
benefits denied same-sex couples by excluding them from participating in
marriage. A legal denial of rights or benefits afforded to others, they say,
directly contradicts the 14th Amendment of the US Constitution which provides
for equal protection and substantive due process under the law. Meaning that
rights conferred to one group cannot be denied to another. In the 2003 case
before the Supreme Court titled Lawrence V. Texas, the court held that intimate
consensual sexual conduct was part of the liberty protected by substantive due
process under the Fourteenth Amendment. Many proponents of same-sex marriage
have noted that this ruling paves the way for a subsequent decision
invalidating state laws prohibiting same-sex marriage.
Some conservative proponents of equal marriage argue further
that by extending marriage to same-sex couples, marriage is in fact
strengthened by involving more people in the U.S. institution and would
encourage gay men and women to settle down with one partner and raise a family.
Other forms of same-sex partnership
The movement towards the legal recognition of same-sex
marriages has resulted in changes in the law in many jurisdictions, though the
extent of the changes have varied:
Civil unions
provide most of the rights and responsibilities of same-sex marriage, but use a
different name for the arrangement. They exist in several European countries as
well as in the U.S. in the state of Vermont, the Canadian provinces of Quebec
and Nova Scotia, and the city of Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Domestic
partnership or registered partnerships provide varying degrees of privileges
and responsibilities, usually far fewer than those found in civil unions. Their
purpose is not limited to same-sex arrangements and they exist in many
jurisdictions.
Even in jurisdictions where they are not legally recognized,
many gay and lesbian couples choose to have weddings (also called
"commitment ceremonies" in this context) to celebrate and affirm
their relationship, fulfilling the social aspect of a marriage. Such ceremonies
have no legal validity, however, and as such do not deal with issues such as
inheritance, property rights or social security.
Some writers have advanced the idea that the term
"marriage" should be restricted to a religious context and that state
and federal governments should not be involved in a religious rite. Some regard
this as a governmental intrusion into religion; they believe that all statutes
involving domestic contracts should replace the word "marriage" with
"domestic partnership" and thus bypass the controversy of gender.
This would then allow a domestic contract between any two individuals who have
attained their majority.
ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE 2
Nikah is an Arabic term used for marriage. It means
"contract". ("Aqd in Arabic). The Quran specifically refers to
marriage as "mithaqun Ghalithun,". Which means "a strong
agreement".
"and they have taken a strong pledge (Mithaqun
Ghalithun) from you?" (Quran 4:21)
The seriousness of this covenant becomes very obvious when
one finds the same term i.e., Mithaqun Ghalithun, being used for the agreement
made between Allah and the Prophet before granting them the responsibility of
the Prophethood. (Quran 33:7)
The Quran also uses the Arabic word "Hisn",
suggesting "fortress" for marriage. Marriage is considered the
fortress of chastity.
The Definition of Marriage (Nikah)
The original meaning of the work nikah is the physical
relationship between man and woman. It
is also used secondarily to refer to the contract of marriage, which makes that
relationship lawful. Which of the two
meanings is intended can be determined by the context in which it is used.
As for the definition of marriage in fiqh, the simple
definition would go something like this:
"A contract that results in the two parties physically
enjoying each other in the manner allowed by the Shari'a."
Since this only focuses on one aspect of the marriage
contract, Muhammad Abu Zahrah (a modern scholar) defines it like this:
"A contract that results in the man and woman living
with each other and supporting each other within the limits of what has been
laid down for them in terms of rights and obligations."
Ibn Uthaimeen takes an even more comprehensive view of the
institution of marriage in his definition of it as:
"It is a mutual contract between a man and a woman
whose goal is for each to enjoy the other, become a pious family and a sound
society."
The Purpose and Goals of Marriage
Like anything a Muslim does, marriage should only be
undertaken after gaining an understanding of all that Allah has prescribed in
terms of rights and obligations as well as gaining an understanding of the
wisdom behind this institution. Nearly
all peoples and all societies practice marriage in some form, just as they
practice business (buying and selling).
Umar ibn Al-Khattab used to expel people from the marketplace in Madina
who were not knowledgeable of the fiqh of buying and selling. Likewise, a Muslim should not engage in
something as important as marriage without having understanding of the purpose
of marriage in Islam as well as a comprehensive understanding of the rights and
obligations, which it brings about.
One of the principles of Islamic Jurisprudence says that: "The default state of all things is
lawfulness until some evidence shows otherwise." Based on this, if new foods are discovered,
they are considered lawful, unless there is some specific reason or attribute
which would make it forbidden for example if it is causes intoxication. Relations between men and women do not follow
this general principle and in fact are opposite to it. The principle is that: "Relations between men and women are
forbidden until some evidence shows otherwise."
Procreation (Children)
On of the most important purposes of marriage is to continue
and increase the population of the Muslims.
Clearly, this goal could be achieved without marriage, but when actions
are undertaken in disobedience to Allah, they do not receive the blessing of
Allah and the whole society is corrupted.
The Prophet (sas) said:
"Ankihoo fa inniy mukaathirun bikum al umam yaum
al-Qiyama"
"Marry, for I will outnumber the other nations by you
on Qiyama." (Ibn Majah - Sahih)
It should be stressed that the goal is not simply to produce
any child that will live in the next generation. It is to produce righteous
children who will be obedient to Allah and who will be a source of reward for
their parents after they die. The Prophet
(sas) will NOT be boasting before the other nations on the day of Qiyama with
children of Muslim parents who left the path of Islam. Thus it is the responsibility of Muslim
parents to seek the means of giving their children the training and education
they need not just to grow, but to succeed as Muslims worshipping and obeying
Allah. This obligation may include
migration (hijrah), establishing of Muslim communities and schools and other
obligations. As the scholars have said
in another principle of fiqh:
"Maa laa yutimmu al-wajibu illa bihi fa huwa
wajib."
"That without which an obligation cannot be fulfilled
is itself obligatory."
Pleasure
Islam is the religion of the fitrah - the religion which is
consistent with the natural instincts and needs of mankind. It is not like the man-made (of modified)
religions which set unnatural constraints on people whether self-inflicted
prohibition of marriage (nuns and monks, etc.), prohibition of divorce or
monogamy. Men are inclined toward women
and women are inclined toward men.
Marriage is the institution, which fulfills this desire and channels it
in ways pleasing to Allah Most High.
Allah mentions this attraction:
{Zuyyina li an-naasi hubbu ash-shahawaati min an-nisaa'i wa
al-baneen...}
{The love of the desires for women, sons, ... has been made
attractive to people.} The Qur'an,
Aal-'Imraan 3:14
The Messenger of Allah himself made clear that the
attraction between the sexes is something natural and not something to be
denied or suppressed - only channeled in the ways pleasing to Allah Most High,
saying:
"Hubbiba ilayya min dunyaakum an-nisaa'u wa at-teebu wa
ju'ilat qurratu 'ainiy fiy as-salat."
"Women and perfume have been made beloved to me of this
world of yours and my peace of mind is in the prayer." (Ahmad & others - Sahih)
The desire of men and women for each other is an urge, which
needs to be fulfilled. If it is left
unfulfilled, it will be a source of discord and disruption in society. For this reason, the Prophet (sas) ordered all
men who are capable of meeting the responsibilities of marriage to do it:
"Man kana minkum dhaa tawlin, falyatazawwaj fa innahu
aghadhdh lilbasari wa ahsanu lilfarji wa man laa fa as-saumu lahu wijaa."
"Whichever of you is capable should marry for it will
aid him in lowering his gaze and guarding his body (from sin). As for the one who is not capable, fasting is
his protection." (An-Nasaa'i -
Sahih)
The Ruling Concerning Marriage
Different Rulings for Different Cases?
What is the status of marriage in the Shari'a? Is it obligatory or merely allowed? Some of the Hanafi scholars have broken this
question down into different cases:
If a person feels
certain that he will commit something forbidden if he does not marry and he has
the financial ability to marry, then marriage is in his case fardh (the highest
level of the obligatory in Hanafi terminology).
If a person has
the ability to marry and treat his wife properly and fears (strong probability)
that he will engage in unlawful acts if he doesn't, then marriage in his case
is wajib (obligatory).
If a person does
not have the financial or physical means to marry or feels certain that he will
not treat his wife properly then marriage in his case is haram (forbidden).
If a person has
the means to marry, but feels strongly that he will not treat his wife
properly, marriage in his case is makrooh (disliked).
If a person has
the means to marry and has no fear of mistreating his wife or of committing the
unlawful if he doesn't marry, then marriage in his case is mustahabb
(preferred).
This last opinion is widely regarded as the
"default" (al-asl) ruling in this question i.e., marriage, generally
speaking is the preferred but not obligatory way and only becomes obligatory,
forbidden, etc. in the exceptional cases.
Since the man is normally the one who goes looking for a
spouse and proposes to her family, etc., these discussions normally focus on
him. Every point in the above
discussion, however, applies to women equally as it does to men.
The Dhaahiri (Literalist) Opinion
In the Literalist school of thought, marriage is considered
fardh 'ain - an absolute and individual obligation. Among the evidence they cite are the
following verse from the Qur'an and hadith of the Prophet (sas):
{Wa ankihoo al-ayaamaa minkum wa as-saliheena min 'ibaadikum
wa imaa'ikum in yakunoo fuqara'a yughnihimu Allahu min fadhlihi wa Allahu
wasi'un 'aleem (22) Wa lyasta'fif illadhina laa yajiduna nikahan hatta yughniahumu
Alahu min fadhlihi}
{And marry off the single among you and among the righteous
of your male and female slaves. If they
are poor then Allah will supply their needs from His generosity. And Allah is
expansive, knowing. (22) And let those
who do not find marriage hold back until Allah grants them of His
generosity.} An-Noor 24:32-33
The following hadith of the Prophet (sas) seems to be a
blanket "order" to all those with the capability to get married:
"Yaa ma'shara ash-shabaab man istataa'a minkum al-ba'a
falyatazawwaj."
"O young men, whoever among you has the ability, let
him marry." Bukhari & Muslim
Conclusion Concerning the Ruling of Marriage
The opinion that marriage is - overall - preferred (mustahabb)
seems to be the strongest opinion. Ibn
Uthaimeen further points out that if a person desires to be married, it becomes
even more important. He said: "Marriage in the case of desire for such
is preferred over superogatory acts of worship, due to the many good results
and praiseworthy effects it has."
{And marry off the single among you...}
Review Questions
1. True or
False: Marriage is the sunnah of the
Messengers of Allah and everyone must get married.
2. What is the
ruling of marriage according to the Literalist school of thought? What is their evidence?
3. Give a Shari'a
definition of marriage.
4. What are some
of the main goals and purposes of marriage in Islam?
5. Under what
circumstances could marriage be considered forbidden for a specific individual?
Under what
circumstances could marriage be considered obligatory for a specific
individual?
REFERENCES
1. www.wordiq.com/cgi-bin/knowledge/
lookup.cgi?title=Marriage
2.
http://www.java-man.com/Pages/Marriage/Marriage02.htmlhttp://www.java-man.com/Pages/Marriage/Marriage02.html
Kamis, 01 Maret 2012
Entahlah
Aku bingung,.
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Sebenarnya tak ingin lah aku seperti ini,.
Terlalu banyak pertanyaan yang harus aku jawab dan aku tak tahu untuk menjawabnya,.
"Fitri, Kapan kau akan putus dengan pacarmu?"
Itu sebagian contoh pertanyaan yang aneh dan lalu apa yang harus aku jawab???
Aku menyayangi pacarku, sangat, dan tak ingin kehilangan dia pada hakikatnya,.
Tapi entahlah, dia seakan berubah,. Tak seperti yang aku inginkan,.
Sering dan sudah seperti aktivitas rutin dalam hubungan ku itu pertengkaran, tapi selalu dia yang mengalah,.
aku suka sifatnya,.
tapi terkadang keegoisanku ini pun datang dan menuntutnya untuk selalu mengerti mauku tanpa aku pinta,.
Maafkan keegoisanku,.
Sebenarnya aku sayang kamu,.
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